Complete Shih Tzu Breed Guide
Welcome to our complete Siberian Husky breed guide. With its flowing coat, sweet round face, and proud, bouncy walk, the Shih Tzu is one of the most charming companion dogs in the world. The breed comes from Tibet and China, where it was treasured by royalty and kept as a palace dog, and its name means “lion dog” in Chinese. In French, it is called the Shih Tzu. It was bred for one purpose only: to be a loving companion, and it still excels at that today.
Thinking about adopting one? Here’s what you should know.
How Big Is a Shih Tzu?
The Shih Tzu is a small, sturdy, and long-coated toy breed.
- Height: 20-28 cm (8-11 in)
- Weight: 4-7.5 kg (9-16 lb)
- Lifespan: 10-16 years
- Coat: Long, dense double coat that is silky and flowing, in almost any color: gold, white, black, liver, brindle, silver, or a mix of these
- Face: Short muzzle, large dark eyes, and a characteristic upturned “chrysanthemum” look
Personality: Sweet, Outgoing, and Playful
Shih Tzus are known for their friendly and affectionate nature.
- Affectionate and loyal: They love to be close to their family and to sit on laps.
- Friendly and sociable: They usually get along with children, strangers, and other pets.
- Playful and lively: They enjoy games, but they do not need intense exercise.
- Adaptable: They are happy in apartments and houses alike.
- Stubborn streak: They are smart, but they can be willful and slow to housetrain.
- Alert: They will let you know when someone is at the door, but they are not big barkers.
- Needy for company: They do not like being left alone for long hours.
Expect a dog that follows you around, loves attention, and is quite happy to be carried and cuddled.
How to Take Care of a Shih Tzu
Feeding
Choose a high-quality food made for small breeds. Shih Tzus can gain weight easily, so measure portions and limit treats. Some dogs are picky eaters or have sensitive stomachs. Small kibble is easier for their short muzzle to pick up.
Exercise
Plan for 30 to 60 minutes of daily activity: short walks and indoor play. Because of their short muzzle, avoid intense exercise, especially in hot or humid weather. Mental stimulation, such as trick training and simple puzzle toys, keeps them happy.
Grooming
The coat is the biggest commitment of the breed.
- Brush daily to prevent mats and tangles, or keep the coat in a shorter “puppy cut” to make life easier.
- Have them professionally groomed every 4-6 weeks.
- Bathe every 2-3 weeks.
- Clean the face and eye area daily with a soft damp cloth to prevent tear stains and irritation.
- Tie up the hair on top of the head so it does not irritate the eyes.
- Check and clean the ears regularly, since ear infections are common.
- Trim nails and brush teeth often, as dental problems are common.
Temperature
Because of their short muzzle, Shih Tzus overheat easily. Provide shade, fresh water, and a cool room in summer, and never leave them in a car. In very cold weather, a coat or sweater helps, especially for dogs with a short clip.
Training and Socialization
Shih Tzus are intelligent but independent, so training takes patience and consistency. Start early with socialization and basic obedience. Use positive reinforcement with treats and praise, and keep sessions short and fun. Housetraining can take time, so be consistent and use a routine. Use a harness rather than a collar to protect their delicate airways and neck.
Common Health Issues
Shih Tzus are generally healthy, but the breed is prone to certain conditions:
- Breathing difficulties (brachycephalic airway syndrome)
- Eye problems (such as dry eye, corneal ulcers, and cataracts)
- Dental disease
- Ear infections
- Skin allergies and infections
- Hip dysplasia and patellar luxation
- Intervertebral disc disease
- Kidney problems
- Heatstroke
Choose a responsible breeder who health-tests the parents, and schedule regular vet check-ups. Regular dental care and eye checks are especially important.
Is a Shih Tzu Right for You?
A Shih Tzu could be perfect if you want a loving, low-energy companion, live in an apartment, and can commit to regular grooming.
It may not be the best match if you are away for long hours, live in a very hot climate, want a low-maintenance coat, or want a dog that is easy to housetrain.
Final Thoughts
Sweet, affectionate, and full of charm, the Shih Tzu is a devoted little companion that fits beautifully into family life. With daily grooming, gentle exercise, and lots of love, your Shih Tzu will be a loyal friend for many years.